Distributed Vehicular Traffic Congestion Detection Algorithm for Urban Environments

Vehicular traffic congestion is a well-known economic and social problem generating significant costs and safety challenges, and increasing pollution in the cities. Current intelligent transport systems and vehicular networking technologies rely heavily on the supporting network infrastructure which is still not widely available. This paper contributes towards the development of distributed and cooperative vehicular traffic congestion detection by proposing a new vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) congestion detection algorithm based on the IEEE 802.11p standard. The new algorithm allows vehicles to be self-aware of the traffic in the street, performing congestion detection based on speed monitoring and cooperation with the surrounding vehicles. Cooperation is achieved using adaptive single-hop broadcasting which depends on the level of congestion. The paper presents the congestion detection algorithm and the cooperative communication in detail, and presents performance evaluation using large-scale simulation in Veins framework based on OMNeT++ simulator and SUMO vehicular mobility simulator. Results show that precise congestion detection and quantification can be achieved using a significantly decreased number of exchanged packets. Keywords— traffic congestion detection and management; vehicular ad hoc networks; intelligent transport systems; cooperation;data aggregation;